|
Basic facts on the
enlisted (värvade) units of the army of Gustav III (1788-90)
Allotted infantry
Allotted cavalry
Auxiliary units
Main sources:
The drawings of the
colours are based upon some
photos I have taken while visiting the Swedish war archive. The details are
based on the articles by Leif Törnqvist published in the Swedish army museums
book "Between the imperial
eagles" and the booklet " Med blå glob och tre kronor uti".
The uniform drawings are
based on the war archives on-line
pictures of CG Roos paintings from 1783. for details I have used the article
of Leif Törnqvist in the Swedish army museums book "Between the imperial
eagles" and some photos taken by Dan Schorr several years ago at library
of the Swedish Army museum. The sources are however to some point contradictive.
Since all sources refers to the work of CG Roos, I have chosen to follow
his version.
The other information
found below are drawn from the two books by Julius Mankell "Anteckningar
rörande Svenska regementenas historia". and the "Anteckningar rörande Finska arméens
och Finlands krigshistoria". The books are written in 1860-70 so there
should be some new facts that mr Mankell have missed. I have also used the Generalstabens "Sveriges krig åren 1808 och 1809", GH
Jägerhorn, "I fält för Gustav III" (editor Petra och Pertti Hakkala), CG Aminoff
"Nyuppsatta truppförband i Finland mellan 1770 och 1808" and the Army
museums great book "Between
the imperial eagles".
The campaign in
Finland was limited to the area close to the border river of Kymmene älv.
Since I don't expect anyone to be familiar with the geography in that area I
have downloaded a map showing the situation during the early 1800-hundreds.
The scale is 1:500 000.
Enlisted units
General
information
By tradition, the
enlisted units are often referred to by the name of it's commanders.
Researching their history can for that reason be a bit confusing.
The enlisted units were
in most cases used for garrison duty, and was for that purpose organised as
infantry. The technically more advanced Artillery regiment was through the whole
period also based on enlisted personnel. Later on some "field units" as light cavalry
(dragoons or hussars), foot jaegers or rifleunits were recruited as well.
The colours:
The
allotted infantry had some very strong bonds to the provinces where they were
recruited, something that the enlisted troops lacked. For this reason the
colours were in most cases decorated with some general Swedish emblems. The
proportions of the colours were the same as for the allotted units.
The light
units were not issued any colours or standards. Their tactics didn't require
any, and there was also a too big risk for a colour to be captured by the
enemy.
To be able to display
details when printed for 15mm figures, I have distorted some proportions and made some "simplifications". To
compare with the originals, please check the
photos.
The uniforms:
The
enlisted units were entitled to a new uniform every third year. It's my guess
that they all were equipped with the m/1779 when the war broke out in 1788.
There is however a note stating that the Artillery received their new
outfit in 1791, still there are lots of paintings from the war displaying the
artillery in m/1779. A mystery to be investigated...
Also
note that the two "German" regiments stationed in Stralsund, Pomerania were
issued a uniform in a more traditional style.
The
navy blue colour of the m /1779 uniform has unfortunately been distorted. The
rest of the colours are ok. I will fix the navy-blue when I have the spare
time.
If you would like to have the drawings in
Power-Point just send me an e-mail.
I have not displayed the "Drabantkåren".
I don't regard them as a "field unit", thus, they are irrelevant to me.
|
Livgardet (the Life Guard) |
|
Infantry
regiment serving as garrison in Stockholm. The unit is also known as:
 | Kunglig Majestäts Livgarde till fots (- 1791) |
 | Kunglig Majestäts Första livgarde till fots
(1791-92) |
 | Svea livgarde (1792-1808) |
 | Fleetwoodska regementet (1808-1809)
|
 | Kungliga Svea Livgarde (1809-) |

Colours
presented in 1772 and used until 1798 when they were replaced by colours
with the monogram of Gustav IV Adolfs.

Gustav IV Adolf
showed his dissatisfaction over the poor achievements of the guard regiments
during the "Finnish war". In 1808 they all lost the "guard" status and was
reduced to regular enlisted units. They also lost their right to their royal
colours. This is the colour of the "Fleetwood regiment"

Shortly after the coup against king
Gustav Adolf, the regiment was once again granted the status of "Life
guard". The white colours was returned in1810 but now with the monogram of
King Karl XIII. |

Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
1200 numbers |
| Numbers of
companies |
10 companies
(split in three battalions) |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war: 1788
23 June
Two
battalions are shipped to Helsingfors / Helsinki.
25
July The battalions takes part in the advance towards
Fredrikshamn / Hamnina. When the events in
Anjala gets known, the battalions are sent as guards to the Army
Headquarter in Lovisa.
Here
they also spent the winter.
1789
The two battalions stays in Finland, while the third are sent to man some
of the forts around the naval base
of Karlskrona.
27 may The
regiment are gathered at Borgå
18 June The
regiment moves to Elimä, and later to Kouvala
26June The
two battalions participate in the main army's advance across the Kymmene
river at Werälä.
28
June Advances towards Villmansstrand and takes part in the actions at Uttismalm.
1 July The
regiment follows the King in the advance on Liikala.
3
July Takes part in the actions at Liikala. Parts of the regiment makes a
decisive assault that
eventually forces the Russians to withdraw from Liikala.
21
July The regiment serves as rear guards during the withdraw to Anjala
and are the last unit to pass
back across the bridge.
22 July
The
regiment are part of the force that are sent to face the Russians that has
crossed the river at
Ummeljoki. The Russians are pulled back without any fighting's.
End of July The
regiment are sent to Kymmenegård to reinforce the defence along the coast.
29
August
Participate in the actions when a Russian
amphibious assault on Kymmenegård is repelled.
1 September The
Russians performs a number of landings in the area of Broby. One battalion
comes to support
the Västgöta-dals regiment that are
defending parts of the area. The joint force can hold the
Russians back long enough to allow
the retreating Swedes to slip through.
2 September The
regiment takes up defence at Fessiö
Winter They spend the winter at Lillby, just north of Borgå.
1790
15 April The
regiment is ordered to join the archipelago fleet in Helsingfors as
infantry.
8 May Embarks
the archipelago fleet at Sveaborg.
13 May
The last parts of the regiment embarks at Fantnäs, near Svartholmen.
15 May Takes
part in the action at Fredrikshamn.
27 may A
detachment of 200 men is put ashore to raid a Russian depot at Pytterlaks.
The surprised
Russian defenders takes to the run,
and the depot, containing a number of larger cannons, is
destroyed.
7 June A
task force of 3000 men is put ashore at Björkö near Viborg. The Life guard
and the Hussars
advances to Makslaks on the
road to Viborg.
15 June 200
men embarks on the archipelago fleet to participate in the kings naval
attack on Trångsund
and Viborg.
16 June The
200 men is put ashore at Kakkis. With the support from the artillery of
the vessels, they
manages to capture the Russian
batteries.
18 June Once
again the 200 men makes a land fall, this time on the island of Uuransaari.
The land fall
is a part of the general assault on
Trångsund planned by the king. The landing is performed behind
the Russian batteries
defending the strait of Trångsund. The first stages of the operation
develops
according to plan, but after a
while the landed troops finds themselves in trouble. The day before,
the attack was cancelled by
the king, but that order never reached the squadron carrying the life
guard. Soon the Russians can
concentrate on the isolated force and most of them is either killed
or captured as they tried to
get back to the boats.
The same day the rest of the regiment embarks the archipelago fleet.
3
July The battalions are onboard the archipelago fleet during
the break-out at Viborg.
9
July Takes part in the second naval battle of Svensksund.
10 July The
third battalion joins the forces at Kymmenegård. Mankell doesn't tell
anything on when this
battalion arrived to Finland
and if they had been participating in the actions in the Viborg area.
i |
|
Garrison regiment in Gothenburg |
|
The regiment
was set up in 1721 based on the "Västgöta tremänningsregemente". It had
eight companies in 1723 and was stationed in Gothenburg. Several periods
were spent in Finland, the first one in 1742, the second in 1751-62 to
participate in the construction of the castle of Sveaborg. The third
period was in 1790. In 1801 the regiment was disbanded and the personnel
were sent to The newly formed Göta artillery regiment. Regimental
commanders has been:
 | Genmj Bengt Ribbing 1721-1730 |
 | Genlt Daniel Johan Zander 1730-1747 |
 | Genlt Carl Edward von Hessenstein 1747-1769 |
 | Genmj Hans Gustaf Gyllengranat 1769-1774 |
 | Generalmajor Hugo Hernumbers von Zaltza 1774-1789 |
 | Field Marshall Curt Bogislaus von
Stedingk 1789-1801 |

Colour in use between 1725-1731.

Colour in use between
1755-1793 |

Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
800 numbers |
| numbers of
companies |
8 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
The regiment participated in the second battle of Svensksund in 1790.
|
|
Enlisted regiment in Skåne
(1753 Kronprinsens and 1772 Konungens eget) |
|
The unit was
formed in southern Sweden in 1719 by merging the "Smålands tre- och femmänningsregementen".
The unit was sent to Finland in 1751-1762 to participate in the
construction of Sveaborg. In 1828 the regiment was reduced to a garrison
company in Landskrona. The unit was disbanded in 1858. The unit is also
known as:
 |
Col Ture Sigismund Horns regemente 1723-1724
|
 |
Genmj Filip Bogislaus von Schwerins
regemente 1725-1729 |
 |
Colonel Bengt Horns regemente 1729-1736 |
 |
Generalmajor Jean Louis Bosquets
regemente 1736-1747 |
 |
Prins Gustavs regemente till fot 1747-1753
 |
(Colonel Georg von Heijne) 1747-1756
|
|
 | Kronprinsens regemente till fot
1753-1771
 |
(Generalmajor Carl Adlerfelt) 1756-1764
|
 |
(Colonel Ulrik Scheffer) 1764-1766
|
 |
(Generalmajor Abraham von Björnmarck) 1766-1771 |
|
 |
Prins Adolfs Fredrik regemente till fot
1771-1772 |
 | Konungens eget värvade
regemente 1772-1828(-29?) |
 | Garnisonskompani i Landskrona
1828(-29?)-1858. |
Colour in use
between
1718-1744

Colour in use between
1748-1777

Drawing in the war archive from 1771 when the
regiment were known as "Prins Fredrik Adolfs
regemente. I don't know if it ever were used.

Colour presented in 1776. The drawing in
the war archive shows a colour that is identical to the
one shown for the life-guard. This colour was used by the regiment
at least until 1815.

|

Uniform m/1779 presented in 1785. |
| Man power |
500 numbers |
| numbers of
companies |
8 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war: 1788-89
I have no information of any
activities.
1790
In april the regiment is sent to serve on the fleet.
|
|
Enlisted regiment in Skåne/Pommern (Posse, Sprengtporten
and others) |
|
The "Västra skånska
utskrivningsregementet" was formed in 1712. After the end of the great
nordic war the regiment was in 1721 transformed into an enlisted garrison
regiment. The regement was stationed in Skåne and Stralsund, Pommerania.
In 1789 the regiment was merged into the
Konungens egna värvade regemente.
Regimental commanders has been:
 | Col Carl Posses
regemente 1721-1728 |
 | Col Carl August Dohnas
regemente 1728-1737 |
 | Col Klas Filip von Schwerins
regemente 1737-1749 |
 | Col Carl Gustav Cronhiorts
regemente 1749-1755 |
 | Col Johan Maximilian Löwenfels
regemente 1755-1763 |
 | Col Johan Wilhelm Sprengtportens
regemente 1763-1795 |
 | Col Georg Peter
Dankwardts regemente 1796-1798 |
Colour in use between
1712-1724

Colour in use between 1724-1740

Colour in use between
1740-1757

Colour in use between
1762-1788.

The colours were lost in the battle
of Hogland. A new set was issued in 1789, now with the monogram of Gustav
III.
|

Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
800 numbers |
| numbers of
companies |
8 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
Mankell lists the regiment as one of those serving on the fleet in 1788
and in 1790. He has no info regarding their activities in 1789. |
|
Garrison regiment in i Stralsund (Spens, Psilanderhielm
and others) |
|
The regiment was recruited in 1749 and was formed on
two battalions with four companies each. Initially the regiment was
stationed in Sweden. When Sweden entered the seven year war against
Prussia, the regiment was transferred to Pomerania. In the 1788-90 war
the regiment served in Finland, but was once again returned to Pomerania
after the war. When the French forces occupied Pomerania in 1807 the
regiment was once again returned to Sweden (after suffering from heavy
losses due to desertions). During the short peace 1810-1812 the regiment
was once again back, just to be disbanded during the second French
occupation in 1812. The regiment was restored in 1813. In 1815 the regiment
became a Prussian unit when Pomerania was handed over to Prussia. Regimental commanders has been:
 |
Generalmajor Gabriel Spens regemente 1749-1765
|
 |
Colonel Carl Fredrik Lillienbergs regemente 1765 |
 |
Colonel Balthsar Achtes von Platens
regemente 1766 |
 |
Colonel Conrad Christopher von
Blixens regemente 1766-1779
|
 |
Generalmajor Johan Psilanderhielms
regemente 1779-1796 |
 |
Generalmajor Hernumbers von Engelbrechtens regemente
1796-1815 |
Colour in use between 1750-1757

Colour in use between 1761-1809

The looks of the colours after 1809 is unknown.
|
Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
1200 numbers |
| numbers of
companies |
12 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war: 1788
According to Carl Herlitz in
Meddelanden 43-44 från Armemuseum: The regiment were moved to the area of
Gothenburg after the Danish-Norwegian invasion. They spent the
winter there.
1789
Mid August
The regiment arrives to Finland
31 august When
the Russians opens up the offensive along the coast, the regiment is
stationed in Elimä.
To strengthen the coastal front, the regiment are sent to defend the
bridge at Hirvenkoski.
5 September The
regiment is sent to Lovisa
3 October The
regiment is sent to Elimä, but are later sent to Sveaborg in Helsingfors
for winter quarters.
1790
18 February The
regiment is ordered to the archipelago fleet.
28 may A
small force made up by 50 dragoons and 75 men from the Psilanderhjelms regiment
is
landed at the village of Koskila. They raid a Russian depot at Yli Urpala
on the road between
Viborg and Fredrikshamn. The depot is guarded by 125 Russians, but they
are taken by surprise
and are driven away. The depot is destroyed.
7 June A
task force of 3000 men are put ashore at Björkö, near Viborg. The Psilanderhjelms
regiment and the life dragoons stays in the area while the rest of the
force is spread out.
18 June The
troops are brought back onto the ships again.
|
|
Drottningens livregemente
(Stralsund) |
|
The unit was
formed in 1720 bay merging the "Upplands- and Västgöta femmänningsregementen".
The name "The Queens life regiment" was presented in 1722 and was kept
until it was transferred to Prussia in 1815.
Company colours in use between 1783 and 1802. The new
ones presented in 1802 probably had the monograms of Gustav IV Adolf and Sofia Magdalena.

Drawing found in
the war archive. It's likely to show the colonels colour. The arm is the
combined Swedish Danish arms, since the queen was a Danish princess.
New colours was distributed in 1802, now showing the monograms of Gustav IV Adolf
and queen
Fredrika Dorotea Wilhelmina.
In 1810 the
regiment received new colour now with the monogram of XIII and queen Hedvig Elisabet.
|
Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
1200 numbers |
| numbers of
companies |
12 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war: 1788
According to Carl Herlitz in Meddelanden 43-44 från
Armemuseum, After the Danish-Norwegian invasion. the regiment were moved
to the area of Gothenbourg, and that they spent the winter there.
1790
Spring
The regiment is sent to serve on the fleet.
|
|
Garrison regiment at Sveaborg later
The Queen Dowagers Life regiment
(in Swedish "Änkedrottningens regemente") |
|
The regiment
was formed in southern Sweden in 1742 but transferred to Finland and the
construction of Sveaborg in 1753. After a short period in Sweden, it was
in 1762 once again sent to Finland. Initially the regiment was formed on
two battalions with 500 numbers each. In 1773, a third battalion was
formed. The new battalion was based in Stockholm. The regiment was disbanded in 1808
after the Russian capture of Sveaborg. Regimental commanders has been:
 |
Colonel Gustaf David Hamiltons regemente 1741-1758
|
 |
Colonel Magnus David Lillieswärds regemente 1759-1761 |
 |
Colonel Carl Fredrik von Liewens regemente 1761-1762 |
 |
Prins Fredrik Adolfs regemente 1762-1771 |
 |
Generalmajor Zöge von Numbersteuffels
regemente 1771-1772 |
 |
The Queen Dowagers Life regiment /
Änkedrottningens livregemente 1772-1808 |

Colour in use
between
1741-1757

Colour in use
between
1760-1772.
They were issued
new colours when the regiment changed it's name to Änkedrottningens (The
Queen Dowagers Life regiment)
It is likely that
the new company colours had the monogram of Gustav III on one side and Lovisa Ulrikas on
the other. The colonels colour might have had the combined Swedish
Prussian arm on one side. 
(Drawing of the Colonels colour after a note made by Leif Törnqvist 2nd
of sept
2004) |
Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
1500 numbers |
| numbers of
companies |
12 companies
(in three battalions) |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
1788
June
The
third battalion is shipped to Helsingfors /Helsinki and participates in
the advance on
Fredrikshamn / Hamnia. After the events in Anjala the unit is pulled back
to Högfors.
3 August
The
two "Finnish" battalions embarks the archipelago fleet and takes part in
the landings at
Brackila and the advance on Fredrikshamn.
8 August
The regiment is united
at Högfors.
October
The
regiment takes winter quarters in Helsingfors.
1789
27 may
Two battalions are guarding
the coast in Nyland, while the third are sent to serve with the
archipelago fleet.
26 June
One battalion are put ashore at Kymmenegård,
but can not capture the island, instead they are
forced back to the boats.
July
As part of the coastal
division, the regiment participate in the conquest of Sutila, Kymmenegård
and Högfors.
19
July
One battalion takes part in a recce attack on the Russians at Saxala.
August
One
battalion is sent to the main army at Anjala. After the Russian victory in
the first naval battle at
Svensksund, the Russians are performing several landing attempts in the
rear of the coastal division.
The division is forced to pull back to Swedish territory.
30 October
All three battalions belongs to the
coastal division, and are sent to winter quarters in the area of Lovisa.
1790
May
The regiment belongs to the central division and is deployed in the area
of Elimä and Anjala.
3 May
The third battalion is sent forward to replace the border guards at Anjala.
5
May
The Russians
crosses the river at several places, including at Anjala. After intensive
fighting's the
battalion
at Anjala gets surrounded and is forced to surrender.
A few hundred men manages to
escape
to Willikala.
When the news about the Russian attacks at Anjala and Hirvenkoski reaches
the headquarter,
the
remaining two battalions are summoned in Willikala. One battalion join the
force sent to
Hirvenkoski
and the other one is apparently kept as a reserve. The remains of the
third battalion
accompanies
the force that is sent forward to Korhois.
6
May
The Swedes attack the Russians in Hirvenkoski. During the attack the battalion is sent
to encircle
the Russian right flank. The move is
successful and after some intensive fighting's the Russians
are
forced back across the river. However the Russian success at Korhois
threatens the rear of
the
force in Hirvenkoski, so the Swedes retreat to Tavstby.
8 may
One battalion manages to advance to Raussila without any Russian
resistance.
11 may
The battalion in Raussila is sent to Elimä.
17 may
An other battalion is present in Willikala.
30
May
The regiment takes part in
an attack on the Russian forces in Korhois. The Russians are forced
back
to Anjala. Here the two sides watches each other until the peace is signed.
|
|
Garrison regiment at Sveaborg (Bergsregementet,
Jägerhorn
and others) |
|
The regiment was formed as an enlisted garrison regiment based upon the
remains of several units formed during the Great Nordic war. Initially the
regiment was stationed in southern Sweden but was in 1751 transferred to
Finland and Sveaborg. The regiment was disbanded in 1808 after the Russian
capture of Sveaborg. Regimental commanders has been:
 |
Generalmajor Per Adlerfelts regemente 1721-1737
|
 | Colonel Ernst
Gustaf von Willebrandts regemente 1737-1743 |
 |
Colonel Gustaf Rutensparres
regemente 1743-1749 |
 |
Generalmajor Jacob Albrekt von
Lantingshausens regemente 1749-1752
|
 |
Colonel Johan Cronhielms
regemente 1752-1762 |
 |
Generalmajor Carl Björnbergs regemente 1762-1772
|
 |
Colonel Hugo Hernumbers von Saltzas regemente 1773 |
 |
Colonel Carl Gustaf Skyttes regemente 1773-1777
|
 |
Colonel Fredrik Flemmings
regemente 1777-1788 |
 |
Colonel Fredrik Johan Stackelbergs
regemente 1788-1801 |
 |
Colonel Fredrik Adolf Jägerhorns regemente 1801-1808 |
Colour in use between
1725-1736

Colour in use between
1739-1755

Colour in use between
1755-1793

Colour in use between 1801-1808

|
Uniform m/1779. |
| Man power |
800 numbers (1792) |
| numbers of
companies |
8 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
1788
15 July One
battalion joins the Swedish force at Högfors. The other battalion are
probably deployed at
Svartholmen.
17
July One battalion participate in the advance towards Summa.
19
July The battalion at Summa participate in the repelling a Russian counter
attack.
26
July The other battalion embarks on the archipelago fleet and are transported
to the vicinity of
Fredrikshamn.
28
July The
battalion at Summa are transferred to the forces at Hussala.
2
august The
battalion on the archipelago fleet are landed at Willnäs close to Fredrikshamn.
Their mission
is to delay any Russian attacks on the major landings at Brackila. After
just a few hours they are
attacked by a superior Russian force and are forced back to the boats.
25
September All Swedish units evacuate Russian territory.
20
October One battalion
is a part of the coastal division. The other one is probably sent as
garrison to
Svartholmen.
1789
3 may The first battalion are sent to the archipelago fleet, the other are sent
to the central division.
End of July The
battalion ashore are deployed at Elimä, later they are sent to Högfors.
1 September The
battalion are a part of the force that comes to the aide of the battalion
of Jönköpings regiment
at Broby. Together they can hold the Russians back long enough to let the
retreating units slip
through.
5 September The
battalion are sent to Lovisa, where it later takes winter quarters.
30 October The
battalion that has spent the campaign on the archipelago fleet are sent as
garrison at Sveaborg.
1790
18 February The
battalion in Lovisa is ordered to serve on the archipelago fleet. That
battalion appears to
have spent the entire campaign there.
Early may
The other battalion is posted in Abborfors.
10 June When
the bridges at Abborfors has been repaired, the battalion joins the costal
division on
its advance to Pyttis.
15 June The
division marches along the coastal road from Pyttis towards Högfors. In
Kuppis they
encounter a Russian force counting about 400 men. The Russian force
retreats to
Kymmenegård without any fight.
25 June The
division initiates an attack on Suttila and Kymmenegård. A sudden change
in the weather
forces the Swedes to abandon the plan. Despite this, the Russians evacuate
their positions
and retreats towards Fredrikshamn. When the bridges are repaired the
Swedes can advance
to Högfors.
9 July
In the case of a Russian victory in the coming second naval battle of
Svensksund the division
needs to have the escape route secured. In to guard the rear, the
battalion is sent from
Kymmenegård to Abborfors to secure the bridge there.
|
|
Lätta dragonkåren ( The Light
Dragoon corps) |
|
In 1770 the
Finnish Light Dragoon corps was formed and stationed in Borgå. Initially
the corps was formed on three companies of 50 men each. The corps was
actively supporting Custav III in his
coup d'tat in 1772,
and two of the companies were transferred to Stockholm to help keeping the
order. The remaining company was eventually reinforced by two companies
transferred from Pomerania. In 1777 another two companies were transferred
to Stockholm, while the fifth was merged into the Karelian dragoon corps.
This was a light unit and carried no
standards. |

Uniform m/1779 presented in 1791. I have no information
about the older uniforms. |
| Man power |
1770: 150
numbers |
|
1772: 250 numbers |
| 1777: 200 numbers |
| Numbers of
companies |
1770: 3
Companies i Borgå |
| 1772: 5 Companies (2 in Stockholm
and 3 in Borgå |
| 1777: 4
Companies in Stockholm |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
1788
23
June The
corps is shipped to Helsingfors /Helsinki.
25
July The
corps takes part in the advance on Fredrilshamn / Hamnia, but when the
events in Anjala
gets known, they are set as guards to the Head quarters in Lovisa.
27 August The
corps is sent to the western Finland to repel any Russian landing attempts
between
Helsingfors and Åbo/Turku.
Autumn
The corps are shipped back to Stockholm for reorganisation.
1789
August Back in Finland. They are sent to the coastal division at the mouth of the Kymmene
river.
1
September The dragoons takes part in the
fighting's at Kymmenegård and Broby. One company comes to
the
support of the Jönköpings regiment in the
defence of the costal battery that have halted a
part of
Russian landings. Another company supports the Life-guard and the Västgöta-dahl's
in
the defence
of the village.
2 September The
corps ate deployed wit two companies each at Lovisa and Perno.
30 October The
dragoons are to take winter quarters in the are around Lovisa.
1790
May The corps is taken on board the archipelago fleet and takes part in
several landings and raids.
7
June A
task force of 3000 men is put ashore at Björkö near Viborg. The Uppland
Infantry regiment,
the
light dragoons and some of the hussars advances to Ummeljoki, along the
road towards
St
Petersburg.
8
June The
force in in Ummeljoki repels a Russian counterattack launched by two
squadrons of cavalry.
18 June The
task force embarks again.
3
July The battalions are
onboard the archipelago fleet during the break-out at Viborg.
3 July
Mankell mentions that a squadron from the corps arrives to Broby and sets
up its camp there.
He
has not mentioned this unit before, so this note puzzles me a bit. There
is a unit that is
called
the Kymmenegård squadron with a history that isn't very clear to me. That
squadron is
sometime
linked to the Karelian dragoons and sometime linked to a fifth company of
the light
dragoons.
It is quite possible that some of the actions noted for the Karelian
dragoons actually
was
performed by this fifth squadron.
9
July Takes part in the
second naval battle of Svensksund.
|
|
The Hussar regiment |
|
The unit where
stationed in several garrisons in southern Sweden.
It was a light unit and carried no
standards. |

Uniform m/1779 presented in 1789. I have no information
about the older uniforms. |
| Man power |
400 numbers |
| Numbers of
companies |
8 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war: 1788
The
regiment is mobilised after the Danish invasion of Bohuslän, but I have no
information if they were sent to meet the invaders, or kept as reserves in
case of an other Danish attack in the south.
1789
The
regiment is first marched to Kalmar and later to Stockholm.
1790
The
regiment is shipped to Finland and then split between the costal division
and the archipelago fleet.
The Detachment by the Archipelago fleet:
7
June A
task force of 3000 men is put ashore at Björkö near Viborg. The Hussars
are split on two fronts.
One section Joins the Life guard as they advances to Makslaks on the road
to Viborg. The other
section joins the Uppland Infantry regiment and the light dragoons
as they advances to Ummeljoki,
along the road towards
St Petersburg.
8
June The
force in in Ummeljoki repels a Russian counterattack launched by two
squadrons of cavalry.
18 June The
task force embarks again.
The Detachment by the coastal division:
21 June
Two squadrons participate as the division advances to Kuppis
25 June The
division initiates an attack on Suttila and Kymmenegård. A sudden change
in the weather
forces the Swedes to abandon the plan. Despite this, the Russians evacuate
their positions
and retreats towards Fredrikshamn. When the bridges are repaired the
Swedes can advance
to Högfors.
29 June
One squadron of hussars, some 100 freikorps and jaegers forms a recce
party. They are sent
towards Fredrikshamn in order to scout the Russian positions in the area.
They finds out that
the Russians had taken up their defence in Saksala.
9 July
The camp in Kymmenegård is taken down as the division prepare themselves
to withdraw from
Russian territory in case of a Russian victory in the second naval battle
of Svensksund. When
the decisive Swedish victory is known, the camp is put up again.
|
|
Savolax jägarkår (Savolax rifle
corps) |
|
The unit was
formed in 1770 as an enlisted light rifle corps. In 1789 the unit was
expanded and renamed to Savolax rifle regiment.
Rifle or jaegers units carried no colours |

Uniform m/1779 presented in 1782. |
| Man power |
1770: 400
numbers
1789: 800 numbers (the actual strength was still about
4-500 men)
1791: 798 numbers |
| Numbers of
companies |
1770: 4
companies
1789: 8 companies
1791: 6 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
1788
Served as a part of the Savolax brigade. They supported the infantry with
reconnaissance and combat patrolling. The corps operated in Savolax and
Carelia. 1789
13 June Some 80 survivors that has got away from the Russian attack at Kyro takes
part in the defence
at Porosalmi.
22 June The main body of the corps are gathered in Jorios.
5 July Parts of the corps are sent as a detachment to the force that are sent to Jokkas.
When the
Swedes shows up, the Russians immediately abandon the village.
9 October During
the battle at Laitasilta, close to Nyslott, some hundred jaegers stalls
the Russians long
enough so that the Swedes can be able to launch a counter attack
12 November The
corps takes winter quarters.
1790
Spring
The corps is distributed on the forces at Pirtimäki at Pumala and Kallislaks
by Nyslott.
4 juni
Parts of the corps that has been on the Pumala front participate in the
attack om Savitaipale.
They belong to the left column that advances to
launch an attack from the south. The column
is delayed and when they finaly reach their
possitions, the main assault has already been
launched and beaten. They pull back without any
major problems.
|
|
Värmlands fältjägarbataljon
(Värmlands rifle battalion) |
|
Enlisted unit that was planned to be organised in 1788. When the war broke
out, some auxiliary companies were instead hastily raised to protect the
Norwegian border. The battalion was finally formed in marsh 1790 by
recruiting from the auxiliaries. The plan was to recruit 600 men but that
could never be achieved. The battalion was subordinated to the Närke-Värmlands regemente. In 1812 the battalion was merged into the newly
formed Värmlands rifle regement.
In the book "Anteckningar om Värmlands
fältjägarkår"by Axel Kindberg,
the first uniform is described as "Grey with green turnbacks". He gives no
info about the colour of the pants, if charivades (outer stockings) were
used, or any details regarding the headgear. Initially the unit was armed
with muskets and bayonets. In 1793 the use of rifle is mentioned.
Rifle or jaegers units carried no colours |

Here are some suggestions of how the uniform m/1779 might have looked
like. See also the Karelska Jägarkåren below. |
| Man power |
300 numbers (1792) |
| numbers of
companies |
3 companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war: No
information available at the moment |
|
Karelska jägarkåren (Carelian rifle corps) |
|
Enlisted rifle
corps recruited in the Swedish part of Carelia in spring 1788. In 1789,
when the corps had four companies of 550 numbers it was split in two
battalions with four companies each. The companies was supposed to hold
150 numbers each, in all 1200 men. The true number never exceeded 860.
The corps was
disbanded after the war but re-established only one year later. It was to
hold two companies with 100 men each. In 1806 the companies was expanded
to 150 men each.
Rifle or jaegers units carried no colours
Uniform:
In 1789 a decision were taken that
the corps should have grey uniforms. Green should be used for turn backs
and collar. The shoe laces were to be green, and there is a decision that
they were to have hats. There are no notes about charivades or stockings.
The description fits well into the same outfit as the one mentioned above
for the Värmlands jägar kår |
| Activities
during the 1788-90 war: 1789
17 may
The corps take part in an attempt to by surprise eliminate the superior
Russian garrison at the
church of Ruskiala. The attack fails, but the Russians suffer to
many casualties, so just a few days
after the attack they abandon Ruskiala and moves to Sordavala.
5 July The
corps joins the Savolax brigade in Jorois. Some parts of the corps takes
part in the expedition
to Jokkas.
12 November The
corps takes winter quarters in Savolax
1790
13 February
The two battalions is put under the command of the Karelian brigade. The
brigade is summoned in
April in Tomajärvi.
1 June
The Karelian brigade is ordered to redeploy to Savolax. However the corps
is left behind in the
Tomajärvi area to patrol the border.
|
|
Artilleriregementet |
|
The regiment was formed in four brigades, with various
numbers of companies. Each company held 80 men.
The guns were of very different types and calibres,
which caused some logistical problems during the war.
The artillery carried no colour. |

Uniform m/1779. Some information's states that the
regiment received their new uniform as late as in 1791. On the other hand
several paintings from the war shows the artillery dressed in m/1779. I
don't know what's right about this... |
| The life
brigade
(Stockholm, Vaxholm and Frösö skans) |
13 companies |
|
The Gothenburg brigade (Göteborg, Karlstad and Eda skans) |
7 companies |
| The Scanian brigade (Kristianstad, Malmö, Landskrona, Jönköping, Kalmar
and
Stralsund) |
10 companies |
| The Finnish
brigade (Helsingfors, Lovisa, Tavastehus, and Varkaus) |
10
companies |
|
Activities during the 1788-90 war:
The Finish brigade saw some heavy actions during the war. I do not know if
any other brigades was shipped to Finland. |
Other enlisted units not in
service during the 1788-90 war, but of some interest anyway
|
Garrison regiment in Stralsund (Posse,
Chronhielm
and others) |
|
The unit was formed in 1749 as a Garrison regiment in Stralsund.
It was formed on two battalions of four companies each.
In 1766 the regiment was merged into the two other garrison regiments in
Stralsund.
Regimental commanders has been:
 |
Colonel Mauritz Posse 1749-1760
|
 |
Colonel Axel Hugo Hamilton
1760-1761 |
 |
Lieutenant
Colonel Abraham Björnmarck 1761-1762
|
 |
Generalmajor Johan Cronhielm 1762-1766 |

Colour in use between
1749-1760 (possibly until 1766) |
The Second Guard regiment
The Regiment
was formed in 1790 by merging of a number of auxiliary units. These units
were the Storamiralens regemente, Sandels fotjägare,
Eherenmalmska bataljonen and the Tornéhelmska bataljonen. In 1808 the
regiment was split between the Fleetwoods regemente and the Paléns regemente.
This regiment is also known as:
 | Andra gardesregementet
(1790-92) |
 | Kungl Majt Göta livgarde (1792) |
 | Göta
gardesregemente (1792-1806) |
 | Svenska
gardesregementet (1806-1808) |
The colours are unknown but was most likely of the
same design as for all other units with "Guard" status. |
Finska
gardesregementet, Paléns regemente
and others
In 1793 the
third battalion of the Queen Dowagers regiment formed "The enlisted
battalion of the light infantry of the life regiment brigade". (what
a name...) In 1808 the regiment loses it's status as "Guards" and is
renamed to Paléns regiment. At the same time one half of the former
"Svenska gardes regementet" joins the regiment. The "Guard" status is
restored in 1809. The unit is known as:
 | Den värvade bataljonen av
livregementsbrigadens lätta infanteri (1793-1796) |
 | Livregementets lätta
bataljon (1796-1803) |
 | Finska
gardesregementet (1803-1808) |
 | Paléns värvade
regemente (1808-1809) |
 | Andra
gardesregementet (1809-
|
When the unit was formed, it's likely
that they maintained some of the colours from the Queen Dowagers regiment.

New colours was presented in 1792.

Gustav IV Adolf
showed his dissatisfaction over the poor achievements of the guard regiments
during the "Finnish war". In 1808 they all lost the "guard" status and was
reduced to regular enlisted units. They also lost their right to their royal
colours. This is the colour of the
Paléns enlisted
regiment in use 1808-1809.

Shortly after the coup against king
Gustav Adolf, the regiment was once again granted the status of "guard". The
white colours was returned in1810 but now with the monogram of King Karl
XIII. |
|
Adlerkreutz regemente (1803-1808)
(Until
september 1804
Nya Jägarregementet or Finska värvade fotjägarregementet)
The regiment was an enlisted light regiment stationed
in southern Finland. The regiment held 13 companies formed on
four battalions. One company held 200 numbers, the rest held150, all in
all 2000 numbers. In 1805 the 200 number strong Elimä-company were
transferred to the Nylands jägarbataljon. In 1808 the regiment were sent
to Sveaborg and was disbanded after the Russian capture of the
castle.
Colour for 1807-1808. The colour were
manufactured but it's not likely that they was ever delivered to the regiment.
Instead the colours was modified ad delivered to the
newly raised Northern and Southern Scanian infantry regiments.

|
Allotted
infantry
Allotted cavalry
Auxillary units
|